Ohio – Avery’s Law, effective March 20, 2026, introduces stringent measures to curb attacks by dangerous and vicious dogs while increasing accountability for owners.[1][2]
A Child’s Ordeal Drives Legislative Overhaul
The legislation bears the name of Avery Russell, an 11-year-old girl who suffered life-altering injuries from a dog attack in Reynoldsburg in June 2024. Two American Bully XL dogs cornered and mauled her, resulting in the loss of her ears, multiple surgeries, and lasting nerve damage. Avery recounted her terror, stating she truly thought she was going to die.[3][4] Her mother, Drew Russell, emphasized that prior unreported attacks by the dogs could have prevented the incident.
Governor Mike DeWine signed House Bill 247 into law in December 2025, prompted by such stories and calls for reform. State Representative Kevin Miller described the measure as critical legislation to boost public safety. Previously, the dogs’ owner faced minimal punishment – four days in jail and a $450 fine – highlighting gaps in the old system.[2]
Expanded Definitions Raise the Bar
Avery’s Law broadens what qualifies as a dangerous dog beyond mere bites. Now, the category includes animals that cause serious injury to a person, seriously injure or kill another dog, or rack up repeated nuisance violations. Vicious dogs remain those that seriously injure or kill a human.[1]
This shift eliminates “free bites” and imposes strict liability in many cases, regardless of owner intent or prior history. Courts can mandate obedience training or personal supervision for offending dogs. The changes extend responsibility to “keepers” or “harborers,” such as groomers, shelters, and even temporary caregivers.[2]
Dog Wardens Gain New Authority
County dog wardens receive expanded powers under the law. They must seize vicious dogs immediately after serious attacks and hold authority to seize dangerous ones that bite people or kill pets. This enables swift action to protect communities.[3]
Investigations into complaints will streamline enforcement. Vicious dogs involved in severe incidents face euthanasia after due process, a provision aimed at preventing repeat offenses. Animal shelters must now document dog histories more rigorously upon intake, potentially limiting adoptions of risky animals.[4]
Stiff Penalties Target Repeat Offenders
Owners of repeat vicious dogs confront felony charges, carrying up to three years in prison and $10,000 fines. Nuisance or dangerous dog violations start with fines from $25 to $100 for first offenses, escalating to $75–$250 plus up to 30 days imprisonment on repeats.
| Dog Classification | Key Triggers | Owner Penalties |
|---|---|---|
| Nuisance/Dangerous | Repeated issues, bites, pet kills | $25–$250 fines, possible jail/training |
| Vicious (Repeat) | Serious human injury/kill | Felony: $10K fine, 3 years prison |
Owners of dangerous or vicious dogs must secure at least $100,000 in liability insurance. These rules apply statewide, urging pet owners to prioritize containment and licensing.[1]
Broader Implications for Pet Owners
The law protects dogs acting in self-defense or guarding property. Yet, it signals a tougher stance amid rising concerns over attacks. Hamilton County Animal Control awaits guidance on retroactive applications.[3]
Avery herself vows to fight so no other child endures her pain, underscoring the human cost behind the reforms.
Key Takeaways
- Dog wardens can seize dangerous and vicious dogs immediately.
- $10,000 fines and felonies await repeat vicious dog owners.
- $100,000 liability insurance required for high-risk dogs.
Avery’s Law marks a pivotal step toward safer Ohio neighborhoods, balancing pet ownership with public protection. What steps will you take to ensure your dog stays under control? Share your thoughts in the comments.
